Spread the rinsed and drained black beans, diced red bell pepper, and chopped jalapeños on paper towels. Gently pat everything dry with additional paper towels. The drier the ingredients, the better the burgers will hold together. Excess moisture can make the mixture too soft and cause the patties to fall apart.
Add 2 tablespoons of the rolled oats to a food processor and pulse until a flour-like consistency forms. Remove from the food processor and set aside. Then, add the black beans to the food processor and pulse a few times until somewhat mashed but still slightly chunky. Be careful not to over-mash. Alternatively, lightly mash the beans with a fork or potato masher.
Transfer the beans to a large bowl. Add the oat flour, remaining rolled oats, cumin, garlic powder, onion powder, smoked paprika, chili powder, salt, and pepper. Stir to combine.
Add the diced red bell pepper, diced onion, chopped chipotle peppers in adobo sauce, and jalapeños. Mix until evenly distributed.
Add the whisked egg and stir until everything is well combined.
Cover and refrigerate the mixture for 20-30 minutes. This allows the oats to absorb moisture, making the burgers easier to shape and helping them hold together while baking.
Form the mixture into 4 burger patties, pressing firmly to help them hold their shape. If you're not planning to cook them right away, cover the formed patties and refrigerate until you're ready to cook. Place the patties on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper and lightly spray the tops with olive oil spray.
Bake at 400°F for 20 to 25 minutes, until the burgers are golden brown and firm. Once done, let the burgers rest for 2-3 minutes before serving.